WE CONDOLE ALL ALL THE SHIITE OF THE WORLD ON THE OCCASION OF MARTYRDOM OF IMAM HASSAN PEACE BE UPON HIM

PEACE AND ITS GROUNDS

After martyrdom of Amir Al-Momenan (peace be upon him) on 21^st day  of month: Ramadan, year: 40 (lunar calendar) and the people’s allegiance with Imam Hassan (p.b.u.h.) and non-acceptance of allegiance by Moavieh and inhabitants of Sham, following him, Imam and Moavieh were sending letters to each other for two months, but they reached no conclusion. This way, Moavieh decided to fight with Imam Hassan (p.b.u.h.) and moved towards Iraq. Imam instructed Jihad to fight with Sham inhabitants and to defend the border.

Having formed a legion, Imam Hassan (p.b.u.h.) sent a group to the path of Moavieh under commandment of his cosine, Obaidollah ibn Abbas to announce to Imam wherever he find Moavieh and to avoid war. Imam Hassan (p.b.u.h.) himself moved towards Madayen to collect fighters to help and to equip the battle units, to join the group dispatched.

When Obaidollah ibn Abbas encountered corpse of Sham with the group under his commandment, Moavieh decided to attack immediately because he was aware that the corpse had a few members and a little equipment, but he failed the war. Then, having consulted with Amro As, he decided to bribe and cheat commander of legion, Obaidollah ibn Abbas and this time he won. Obaidollah left his base at night. This weakened the legion and Moavieh could attract attention of two third of the legion and attracted them to himself.

Simultaneous with cheating and attracting the commanders and guards, Moavieh influenced on the group and disturbed the situation of legion of Imam Hassan (p.b.u.h.). Thus, Imam Hassan who had decided to recruit soldiers at Madaen was attached by the remainder of legion who were accompanying him.

Then, Moavieh sent a letter to Imam Hasan (p.b.u.h.) and offered peace. The letter read: “My cosine! Do not cut the string of our affinity and familial connections between me and you. Indeed the people betrayed you and deceived just as they did it against your father, before you.”

Ibn Asir narrates: son of prophet stood against his legion and prescribed:

“Be aware that Moavieh has ordered me to an act which is neither glorious, nor fair. If you are ready for being killed honestly, we will reject his offer and will kill him to be judged by Almighty God. If you like the life at this world, I will act as you are satisfied.”

Then the people shouted: “Just keep the rest of it.” They meant that they liked to live.

Sheikh Tabarsi has narrated in Ehtejaj that Imam stated:

“I take oath to Almighty God. I would not submit to Moavieh the government to be a caliph, if I had some friends to fight with him. If I had comrades, I would fight with him round the clock and would continue fighting with him, so that God would judge us. But, I know the people inhabiting in Kufa and I have tested them. The corrupted people are not corrected. They are not faithful. They can not be trusted. They have differences and are not unified. They say: our hearts lie with you, while they take their swords to us and are ready to kill us.”

Imam witnessed that if war is commenced and continued, Iraqi army would fail and Moavieh would enjoy the excuse to kill whomever of those who love the family of prophet and would not let one live.

Imam (p.b.u.h.) prescribed: “I feared that the Muslims are uprooted in the world.” I wished some one would remain to protect religion on the earth.”

It is narrated: “Protection of Shiite made me accept peace and I decided to postpone war. Man has duties to fulfill depending on the situation and we shall fulfill it.”

Strategy of Imam Hassan (p.b.u.h.) for protection of religion among the Muslims was very important. Since, Shiite has always been considered as the principal nucleus of Islam and the Shiite and Lovers of family of prophet have been the real guards, Imam (p.b.u.h.) had to be farsighted to protect it.

Considering the above-mentioned matters, weakness of the inhabitants of Kufa and their being influenced by mental wars of Moavieh and governors of Sham, left Imam Hassan alone in that situation. If he had fought against Moavieh, all the members of his legion would be killed, specially the faithful people feeling responsible against the religion and the front of truth would fall. At such a difficult circumstances, the best action was what Imam Hassan (p.b.u.h.) took.

The different historians have mentioned different contents. The honorable researcher, Sheikh Razi Al-e Yasin mentions that the contract was drawn up in 5 articles as follows:

Art. 1- The government is assigned to Moavieh, provided that he observes Book of God, tradition of the prophet (peace be upon him & his progeny) and the methods of deserved caliphs.

Art. 2- After Moavieh, the government will be assigned to Hassan son of Ali, and if something happens to him, Hossein son of Ali will be elected as his successor and Moavieh shall not be entitled to elect a successor.

Art. 3- Moavieh shall not swear and curse Amir Al-momenin Ali in his prayers and shall always name Ali nicely.

Art. 4- Treasury of Kufa- with a stock of 5,000,000/- Dirhams- is not submitted to the government and is not to make part of the government and Moavieh shall send 2,000,000 Dirhams a year to Hassan and exempt Bani Hashem to pay gifts to Bani Omaieh and shall divide 1,000,000/- Dirhams among the remainders of the martyrs at the wars of Amir Almomenin in Jamal and Seffin. And such sums shall be paid out of taxes received from city of Darab in Fars.

Art. 5- At every corner of the earth of God, in Sham, Iraq, Yemen, Hija, the people should live at peace, and whether the black or Indians shall enjoy security and Moavieh shall disregard their deviations and shall not take revenge of the people of Iraq for their past. At any point, the friends of Ali shall live in peace and none of the Shiite should not be bothered and the friends of Ali should not fear for the lives and properties of their family. No one should prosecute them, no one should bother them and everybody should receive his rights and no one should capture properties of friends of Ali. No one should play a trick to kill Hasan and Hossein sons of Ali and none of the family of prophet (peace be upon them) whether clearly or not and no one shall threat them at the world of Islam.

In addition to the above 5 articles, according to contents of some of the historical books, Hassan son of Ali would not call Moavieh, Amir Almomenin and will not attend his office to take oath.

Most of the historians have written that Moavieh added under the contract:

“To divine concord and to everything God has made the people faithful, Moavieh son of Abisolfian shall observe all the contents of this contract.” But, history has reported that operation of Moavieh was quite despite the contents of peace.